VALUASI EKONOMI MATA AIR NAO: MENGGABUNGKAN FUNGSI EKONOMI DAN NILAI BUDAYA KEARIFAN LOKAL

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis distribusi pemanfaatan dan menghitung Nilai Ekonomi Total (NET) Mata Air Nao berbasis kearifan lokal Suku Wotol. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan kerangka Nilai Ekonomi Total yang meliputi nilai guna langsung, nilai guna tidak langsung, dan nilai warisan. Data diperoleh dari 53 responden yang dipilih secara purposif, terdiri atas pengguna air rumah tangga, petani, pihak PDAM, dan tetua adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total pemanfaatan air mencapai 795.900 m³/tahun dan didominasi oleh irigasi pertanian sebesar 89,79 persen. NET Mata Air Nao mencapai Rp1.750.614.183/tahun. Nilai terbesar berasal dari fungsi pengendali kekeringan sebesar 53,77 persen, diikuti irigasi pertanian 29,11 persen, pelanggan PDAM 14,78 persen, nilai warisan ritual Barong Wae Teku 1,70 persen, dan air baku rumah tangga 0,64 persen. Nilai warisan sebesar Rp29.800.000/tahun menunjukkan adanya kontribusi kolektif masyarakat dalam menjaga keberlanjutan mata air melalui praktik adat lokal. Nilai budaya dan kelembagaan adat perlu diintegrasikan dalam kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya air berbasis masyarakat.

This study aimed to analyze water use distribution and estimate the Total Economic Value (TEV) of the Nao Spring by incorporating the local wisdom of the Wotol Tribe as a bequest value component. The study applied a descriptive quantitative approach using the Total Economic Value framework, which included direct use value, indirect use value, and bequest value. Data were collected from 53 purposively selected respondents consisting of household water users, farmers, PDAM representatives, and customary leaders. The results showed that total water utilization reached 795,900 m³/year and was dominated by agricultural irrigation at 89.79 percent. The Total Economic Value of the Nao Spring reached IDR 1.750.614.183/year. The largest component originated from the drought control function at 53.77 percent, followed by agricultural irrigation at 29.11 percent, PDAM customers at 14.78 percent, the Barong Wae Teku ritual bequest value at 1.70 percent, and household water use at 0.64 percent. The bequest value of IDR 29,800,000/year reflected collective community contributions to maintaining spring sustainability through local customary practices. Cultural values and customary institutions need to be integrated into community-based water resource management policies.