Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Hukum Notaris terhadap Kelalaian Kebocoran Data Akta Elektronik di Sistem Cyber
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2025.v14.i04.p07Abstract
This normative legal research to analyze the form of legal responsibility incumbent upon a Notary for negligence resulting in the breach of electronic deed data within the cyber system. Legal protection for the aggrieved parties is established by the Law on Notary Position (UUJN) and the Law on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP). The Notary is professionally obligated to maintain the confidentiality of the deed. A breach of this duty may incur administrative sanctions and civil sanctions in the form of compensation liability, as stipulated in Article 16 paragraphs (11) and (12) of the UUJN. As a Data Controller (Pengendali Data Pribadi), the Notary bears full responsibility for any failure in Personal Data Protection (PDP) (Article 47 UU PDP). Upon such a failure, the Notary must provide written notification to the Data Subject and the Institution within a maximum of 3×24 hours, detailing the disclosed data, the time of disclosure, and the remedial measures undertaken (Article 46 UU PDP). The Form of Legal Responsibility encompasses both civil and criminal liabilities. The Notary, as the electronic system operator, is generally required to be accountable for data breaches arising from negligence. Under the UU PDP, the Notary must secure Personal Data by implementing effective technical and operational measures (Article 35 UU PDP). Furthermore, the UU PDP prescribes stringent criminal sanctions: any individual who intentionally and unlawfully obtains, discloses, or uses unauthorized Personal Data faces a penalty of imprisonment for up to 5 years and/or a maximum fine of Rp5 Billion.
Penelitian hukum normatif ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk tanggung jawab hukum Notaris terhadap kelalaian kebocoran data akta elektronik dalam sistem siber. Perlindungan Hukum bagi pihak yang dirugikan bersumber dari Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN) dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP). Notaris wajib merahasiakan akta. Pelanggaran kerahasiaan dapat memicu sanksi administratif (peringatan, pemberhentian) sesuai Pasal 16 ayat (11) UUJN, dan sanksi perdata berupa ganti rugi (Pasal 16 ayat (12) UUJN). Sebagai Pengendali Data Pribadi, Notaris wajib memikul tanggung jawab penuh atas kegagalan Perlindungan Data Pribadi (PDP) (Pasal 47 UU PDP). Jika terjadi kegagalan, Notaris harus memberi pemberitahuan tertulis kepada Subjek Data Pribadi dan Lembaga paling lambat 3×24 jam, yang memuat detail data yang terungkap dan upaya pemulihan (Pasal 46 UU PDP). Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Hukum Notaris mencakup aspek perdata dan pidana. Notaris sebagai penyelenggara sistem elektronik wajib bertanggung jawab atas kelalaiannya terhadap kebocoran data. Dalam kerangka UU PDP, Notaris bertanggung jawab mengamankan Data Pribadi melalui langkah-langkah teknis dan operasional yang efektif (Pasal 35 UU PDP). Notaris juga wajib mengumumkan kegagalan proteksi data kepada publik (Pasal 46 UU PDP). Selain itu, UU PDP mengatur sanksi pidana tegas: setiap orang yang dengan sengaja memperoleh, mengungkapkan, atau menggunakan data pribadi bukan miliknya secara melawan hukum, diancam pidana penjara paling lama 5 tahun dan/atau denda hingga Rp5 Miliar.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Kadek Melati Anggun Yulian, Ni Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Tri Wulandari (Author)

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