Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal)
Udayana Master of Law Journal was first published electronically as an Open Journal System (OJS) since 2012 under the management of the Master of Law Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Udayana University. Since 2017, the Master of Law Study Program has been under the auspices of the Faculty of Law, Udayana University. Since 2018, in order to maintain linearity and journal updates, this journal has been refined using the Journal Template and the refinement of the new Author Guidelines, under the management of the Publication Unit of the Faculty of Law, Udayana University. About Journal - Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana Udayana Master of Law Journal was first published electronically as an Open Journal System (OJS) since 2012 under the management of the Master of Law Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Udayana University. Since 2017, the Master of Law Study Program has been under the auspices of the Faculty of Law, Udayana University. Since 2018, in order to maintain linearity and journal updates, this journal has been refined using the Journal Template and the refinement of the new Author Guidelines, under the management of the Publication Unit of the Faculty of Law, Udayana University. The first publication of the Udayana Master of Law Journal was still in the form of a printed publication registered with the P-ISSN Number 2302-528X on October 8, 2012 under the name Udayana Master of Law Journal. In 2014, the Udayana Master of Law Journal began management electronically through the Open Journal System (OJS) mechanism. The first electronic publication was registered with E-ISSN Number 2502-3101 on February 1, 2016 under the name Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), so that it became the reason for adding an English name so that in the future it is hoped that it can advance to the international stage. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) in August 2017 has become a member of crossreff, so that each article will have a unique DOI number, Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) has been indexed by journal indexers, namely: Directory Open Access Journal (DOAJ) and EBSCO in 2015 and is also indexed by other indexing institutions, namely: Copernicus, Google Scholar, Sinta, and IPI. During this period, this journal is electronically indexed Sinta 3, efforts continue to be made to achieve a higher Sinta index. The development of the management of the Udayana Master of Law Journal electronically from its previous management on the OJS 2 system to the OJS 3 system in March 2017, and the Udayana Master of Law Journal as a print and electronic publication media in developing Legal Science in Indonesia has registered with ARJUNA and has conducted a self-evaluation in order to submit a National Journal Accreditation application through ARJUNA. JMHU is published 4 (four) times a year, in May, July, September and December JMHU is an open access, double-blind peer reviewed law journal based on the Open Journal System (OJS), with a publication frequency of four (4) times a year, in May, July, September and December, all articles published through a peer review process from the Editorial Board, a review process from a team of internal and external reviewers. It was first published electronically as an Open Journal System (OJS) in 2012 under the management of the Master of Law Program (MLP), Universitas Udayana. Since 2017, MLP has been managed under the Faculty of Law, Universitas Udayana. Hence, JMHU also managed under the Faculty of Law, Universitas Udayana. JMHU focuses on recent developments of legal reform and development at local level, national, regional and global worldwide. The journal addresses issues on: Constitutional Law; Administrative Law; Criminal Law; Civil Law; International Law; Procedural Law; Customary Law; Business Law; Tourism Law; Environmental Law; Law and Society; Information Technology and Electronic Transaction Law; Human Rights Law; Contemporary Law.
The Legal Framework for Personal Data Deletion on Social Media in Indonesia: A New Chapter in Digital Privacy Protection
The pervasive use of social media necessitates serious attention to personal data protection, particularly during registration where users must provide identifiers like usernames, birth dates, and email addresses, raising significant legal concerns over data security and management. In Indonesia, this protection is framed by Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law). Article 8 explicitly affirms the data subject's right to terminate processing, delete, and/or destroy personal data, formally acknowledging the right to erasure. However, the law omits clear technical procedures for exercising this right, creating legal uncertainty. This study aims to address two primary questions: first, how current positive law (ius constitutum) regulates social media users' personal data protection regarding personal data deletion; and second, the legal responsibilities of platforms in personal data breach cases. Employing normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical library approach, the study utilizes statutory and analytical methods. Legal materials comprise primary sources like regulations and secondary sources including legal textbooks and journals. Data is presented, interpreted, and evaluated through qualitative descriptive-analytical analysis. The research findings indicate that the process for personal data deletion on social media platforms remains heavily contingent upon user-agreed terms and conditions, governed by contractual agreements. Furthermore, platforms bear legal responsibility to provide compensation, specifically in the form of monetary damages, for breaches resulting from their proven fault or negligence.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 I Putu Gede Arya Sanjaya, Dewa Krishna Prasada (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Instrumen Demokratisasi Hukum: Upaya Membatasi Dominasi Oligarki dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia
Every citizen normatively holds an equal position before the law. Judicial practice demonstrates that access to justice has not been distributed evenly. Complex legal procedures, high costs, and lengthy processes constitute obstacles for marginalized communities in asserting their rights, causing the judicial system to be more easily accessed by groups with economic power and political influence, and thereby fostering the dominance of legal oligarchy. This condition underscores the need for legal instruments within the judicial system that expand access to justice while simultaneously limiting the dominance of legal oligarchy. This research constitutes normative legal research that analyzes legal theories and principles to address existing legal problems. The findings demonstrate that simple lawsuits constitute an important instrument of legal democratization in Indonesia. In essence, the principles of speed, affordability, and procedural simplicity embedded in the concept of simple lawsuits expand access to justice for marginalized communities while limiting the dominance of legal oligarchy that often characterizes conventional judicial systems. Through this mechanism, the principle of equality before the law becomes more tangible, as simple lawsuits facilitate a more inclusive, efficient, and substantively just system of adjudication. Setiap warga negara secara normatif memiliki kedudukan yang sama di hadapan hukum. Pada praktek peradilan menunjukkan bahwa akses terhadap keadilan belum terdistribusi secara merata. Prosedur hukum yang kompleks, berbiaya tinggi, dan memakan waktu lama menjadi kendala bagi masyarakat kecil dalam memperjuangkan haknya, sehingga sistem peradilan lebih mudah diakses oleh kelompok yang memiliki kekuatan ekonomi dan kekuasaan serta mendorong terbentuknya dominasi oligarki hukum. Hal inilah yang kemudian mendorong perlunya instrument hukum dalam sistem peradilan yang memperluas akses keadilan sekaligus sebagai upaya membatasi dominasi oligarki hukum dalam sistem peradilan tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menganalisis teori dan asas-asas dalam ilmu hukum untuk menjawab permasalahan hukum yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa gugatan sederhana adalah instrumen penting demokratisasi hukum di Indonesia. Pada prinsipnya, prosedur cepat, murah, dan sederhana, pada konsep gugatan sederhana memperluas akses keadilan bagi masyarakat kecil sekaligus membatasi dominasi oligarki hukum yang kerap mendominasi sistem peradilan konvensional. Melalui mekanisme ini, prinsip equality before the law semakin nyata, karena gugatan sederhana mampu menghadirkan peradilan yang lebih inklusif, efisien, dan berpihak pada keadilan substantif.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Francisca Widiastuti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Valuasi Merek Sebagai Modal dalam Perjanjian Kerja Sama sebagai Bentuk Pembangunan Hukum Merek yang Berkeadilan di Indonesia
This paper aims to examine the urgency of brand valuation as an asset in cooperation agreements and to propose ideas for the formulation of fair brand valuation regulations in Indonesia. This research adopts a normative juridical approach, utilizing literature review and secondary data analysis through a statutory approach. The findings indicate that brand valuation as an asset in cooperation agreements is essential to ensure legal certainty and fairness for the parties involved. Indonesia needs to establish a fair legal framework for brand valuation by creating an official valuation institution and subsequently formulating official brand valuation guidelines. The establishment of a brand valuation institution is not only important for the enforcement of intellectual property rights, but also provides legal protection and economic benefits for parties using brands as capital in business cooperation agreements. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to issue regulations governing brand valuation as part of the development of a fair trademark law system in Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji urgensi valuasi merek sebagai aset dalam perjanjian kerja sama dan memberikan gagasan pembentukan regulasi valuasi merek yang berkeadilan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan memanfaatkan studi kepustakaan dan analisis data sekunder melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa valuasi merek sebagai aset dalam perjanjian kerja sama sangat penting untuk menjamin kepastian hukum dan keadilan bagi para pihak yang terlibat. Indonesia perlu membangun kerangka hukum yang adil terkait valuasi merek dengan membentuk lembaga penilaian resmi serta merumuskan pedoman valuasi merek yang bersifat formal. Pembentukan lembaga valuasi merek tidak hanya penting bagi penegakan hak kekayaan intelektual, tetapi juga memberikan perlindungan hukum dan manfaat ekonomi bagi para pihak yang menggunakan merek sebagai modal dalam perjanjian kerja sama usaha. Oleh karena itu, sangat mendesak untuk menerbitkan peraturan yang mengatur valuasi merek sebagai bagian dari pengembangan sistem hukum merek yang berkeadilan di Indonesia.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Gede Angga Prawirayuda (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Keberlakukan Perjanjian Harta Benda Perkawinan yang Dibuat Oleh Notaris Indonesia di Luar Negeri
The purpose of this study is to analyze the position of marital property agreements from a civil law perspective and to analyze the enforceability of marital property agreements by Indonesian notaries used abroad. The research method used in this study is a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a case approach. The results of this study explain that in terms of codification, marital property agreements are regulated in Book I of the Civil Code concerning Persons, specifically in Chapter VII concerning Marriage Agreements in Articles 139-179 of the Civil Code. Although the regulations are included in Book I of the Civil Code, they are still bound by the conditions for the validity of the agreement as stated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. Furthermore, regarding the enforceability of marital property agreements by Indonesian notaries, they cannot be enforced abroad. This is because marital property agreements concern the personal status of husband and wife in the marriage bond and regulate the legal relationship between them during the marriage, which can be determined based on the principle of nationality or the principle of territoriality depending on the country that adheres to it. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kedudukan perjanjian harta benda perkawinan dalam perspektif hukum perdata serta menganalisis keberlakukan perjanjian harta benda perkawinan oleh notaris Indonesia yang digunakan di Luar Negeri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Secara kodifikasi, perjanjian harta benda perkawinan diatur dalam Buku I KUHPerdata tentang Orang, tepatnya dalam Bab VII tentang Perjanjian Kawin dalam Pasal 139 – 179 KUHPerdata. Meskipun pengaturannya termasuk dalam Buku I KUHPerdata namun tetap terikat dengan syarat-syarat sahnya perjanjian yang tercantum dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Selanjutnya terkait keberlakuan perjanjian harta benda perkawinan oleh Notaris Indonesia tidak dapat diberlakukan di luar negeri. Hal ini karena perjanjian harta benda perkawinan menyangkut status personal suami istri dalam ikatan perkawinan dan mengatur hubungan hukum di antara mereka selama perkawinan berlangsung yang dapat ditentukan berdasarkan asas nasionalitas atau asas teritorialitas tergantung negara yang menganutnya.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Aprillia, Afifah Kusumadara, Rika Kurniaty (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Hukum Notaris terhadap Kelalaian Kebocoran Data Akta Elektronik di Sistem Cyber
This normative legal research to analyze the form of legal responsibility incumbent upon a Notary for negligence resulting in the breach of electronic deed data within the cyber system. Legal protection for the aggrieved parties is established by the Law on Notary Position (UUJN) and the Law on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP). The Notary is professionally obligated to maintain the confidentiality of the deed. A breach of this duty may incur administrative sanctions and civil sanctions in the form of compensation liability, as stipulated in Article 16 paragraphs (11) and (12) of the UUJN. As a Data Controller (Pengendali Data Pribadi), the Notary bears full responsibility for any failure in Personal Data Protection (PDP) (Article 47 UU PDP). Upon such a failure, the Notary must provide written notification to the Data Subject and the Institution within a maximum of 3×24 hours, detailing the disclosed data, the time of disclosure, and the remedial measures undertaken (Article 46 UU PDP). The Form of Legal Responsibility encompasses both civil and criminal liabilities. The Notary, as the electronic system operator, is generally required to be accountable for data breaches arising from negligence. Under the UU PDP, the Notary must secure Personal Data by implementing effective technical and operational measures (Article 35 UU PDP). Furthermore, the UU PDP prescribes stringent criminal sanctions: any individual who intentionally and unlawfully obtains, discloses, or uses unauthorized Personal Data faces a penalty of imprisonment for up to 5 years and/or a maximum fine of Rp5 Billion. Penelitian hukum normatif ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk tanggung jawab hukum Notaris terhadap kelalaian kebocoran data akta elektronik dalam sistem siber. Perlindungan Hukum bagi pihak yang dirugikan bersumber dari Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN) dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP). Notaris wajib merahasiakan akta. Pelanggaran kerahasiaan dapat memicu sanksi administratif (peringatan, pemberhentian) sesuai Pasal 16 ayat (11) UUJN, dan sanksi perdata berupa ganti rugi (Pasal 16 ayat (12) UUJN). Sebagai Pengendali Data Pribadi, Notaris wajib memikul tanggung jawab penuh atas kegagalan Perlindungan Data Pribadi (PDP) (Pasal 47 UU PDP). Jika terjadi kegagalan, Notaris harus memberi pemberitahuan tertulis kepada Subjek Data Pribadi dan Lembaga paling lambat 3×24 jam, yang memuat detail data yang terungkap dan upaya pemulihan (Pasal 46 UU PDP). Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Hukum Notaris mencakup aspek perdata dan pidana. Notaris sebagai penyelenggara sistem elektronik wajib bertanggung jawab atas kelalaiannya terhadap kebocoran data. Dalam kerangka UU PDP, Notaris bertanggung jawab mengamankan Data Pribadi melalui langkah-langkah teknis dan operasional yang efektif (Pasal 35 UU PDP). Notaris juga wajib mengumumkan kegagalan proteksi data kepada publik (Pasal 46 UU PDP). Selain itu, UU PDP mengatur sanksi pidana tegas: setiap orang yang dengan sengaja memperoleh, mengungkapkan, atau menggunakan data pribadi bukan miliknya secara melawan hukum, diancam pidana penjara paling lama 5 tahun dan/atau denda hingga Rp5 Miliar.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ni Kadek Melati Anggun Yulian, Ni Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Tri Wulandari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Transformasi Penegakan Hukum dan Sistem Hukum Tindak Pidana Korupsi Perspektif Panta Rhei
This study seeks to explore legal changes pertaining to corruption offenses in the digital age and emphasize the necessity of taking a more modern legal stance. It is a normative juridical legal study that uses the legislative approach method and the conceptual approach. The analysis is conducted descriptively to illustrate the changes in the implementation of law concerning corruption cases that occur in the digital age. The findings indicate that the enforcement of anti-corruption laws requires adaptation to the rapid advancement of technology. Moreover, a progressive legal implementation must be responsive to societal and technological developments in order to address the growing complexity of corruption cases. In this context, it is essential for the legal system to integrate the principles of transparency, restorative justice, and public participation to build a more efficient and sustainable legal framework. Institutional reform and the utilization of technology are also identified as key factors in promoting more transparent and accountable anti-corruption efforts. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji perubahan hukum terkait tindak pidana korupsi di zaman digital serta menyoroti pentingnya penggunaan pendekatan hukum yang lebih progresif. Adalah studi hukum yuridis normatif yang menggunakan metode pendekatan peraturan perundangan dan pendekatan konsep. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk menggambarkan perubahan dalam implementasi hukum pada kasus korupsi yang terjadi di era digital. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum korupsi memerlukan adaptasi terhadap perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat. Selain itu, pelaksanaan hukum yang progresif harus dapat menanggapi perubahan dalam masyarakat dan teknologi yang dibutuhkan untuk menghadapi kompleksitas kasus korupsi. Dalam konteks ini, penting bagi sistem hukum untuk menggabungkan prinsip transparansi, keadilanrestoratif, serta keterlibatan masyarakat agar dapat menciptakan sistem hukum yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan. Reformasi kelembagaan dan pemanfaatan teknologi menjadi faktor penting dalam mendukung pemberantasan korupsi yang lebih transparan dan akuntabel.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Yogi Yasa Wedha, Made Hendra Wijaya, I Gusti Ngurah Adi Prabawa (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analisis Yuridis Berbasis Pancasila, Konstitusi dan HAM Terhadap Limitasi Pengajuan Saksi dalam Peradilan Pidana
Law can provide justice if its normative concepts are non-discriminatory. In the Criminal Procedure Code, there are norms that impose limitations (restrictions) on parties who may be presented as witnesses in the criminal justice process, as regulated in Article 168 paragraphs (1) and (2), Article 169 paragraphs (1) and (2), and Article 185 paragraph (7). This study aims to examine and analyze whether these legal norms align with and do not conflict with Pancasila, the Constitution, and laws and regulations governing human rights. This research employs a normative legal method using a philosophical and statutory approach, with data analyzed through normative qualitative analysis techniques. Data collection in this study was conducted through statutory review, literature review, and document analysis. The findings of this study indicate that an ideal law is one that can provide a balanced concept of justice for every individual and group. Therefore, every legal norm should be based on the values of Pancasila, the Constitution, and the fundamental principles of human rights as regulated in various laws and regulations concerning human rights. Hukum mampu memberikan keadilan jika konsep normanya tidak bersifat diskriminatif. Terdapat norma-norma di dalam KUHAP yang memberikan limitasi (pembatasan) terhadap pihak-pihak yang dapat diajukan sebagai saksi dalam proses peradilan pidana, sebagaimana diatur di dalam “pasal 168 ayat (1) dan (2), pasal 169 ayat (1) dan (2), pasal 185 ayat (7)” Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaji dan menganalisis apakah norma hukum tersebut telah sejalan dan tidak bertentangan dengan “pancasila, konstitusi serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang HAM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif melalui pendekatan filosofis serta pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dengan teknik analisis data berupa analisis kualitatif normatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melalui studi peraturan perundang-undangan, studi kepustakaan serta studi dokumen. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat kita ketahui bahwa hukum yang diharapkan adalah hukum yang mampu memberikan konsep keseimbangan kepada setiap individu maupun kelompok. Dan sudah seharusnya, setiap norma di dalam aturan hukum didasarkan atas nilai-nilai Pancasila, konstitusi, dan juga prinsip dan nilai-nilai dasar HAM sebagaimana diatur di dalam sejumlah peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang HAM.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Muhammad Agung Ardiputra, I Made Wirya Darma (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Hakekat Pewarisan terhadap Laki-Laki yang Berstatus Mulih Teruna di Bali
The purpose of this research is to analyze the nature of inheritance to men who have the status of mulih teruna in Bali. The research method used is normative research method. The results showed that the nature of male inheritance in nyeburin marriage after divorce that in the context of inheritance is not only based on blood ties, but also on the fulfillment of customary and religious obligations (swadharma), in accordance with the principle of balance. After divorce in a nyeburin marriage, men who return to the family of origin (mulih truna status) are entitled to part of their parents' inheritance. However, with the regulation of inheritance rights in MDA Decree 04/2023, this provision raises the potential for conflict and legal uncertainty, especially if there are other heirs who continue to carry out full customary obligations. Furthermore, based on this, the principles of legal certainty and balance must be the main basis in the preparation and implementation of customary inheritance rules in order to be fair and avoid conflict, then the concept of separating the meaning between collective rights as moral rights and individual rights to property that is material in nature so that it can be formulated that they are not entitled to inheritance rights to inherited property, but are still open to the acquisition of rights by paying attention to the principle of parimirma, namely the principle of compassion, the process of transferring inheritance can be carried out by consensus based on deliberations with the family of origin. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis terkait dengan hakekat pewarisan terhadap laki-laki yang berstatus mulih teruna di Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakekat pewarisan laki-laki pada perkawinan nyeburin setelah perceraian bahwa dalam konteks pewarisan tidak hanya didasarkan pada pertalian darah, tetapi juga pada pemenuhan kewajiban adat dan agama (swadharma), sesuai dengan asas keseimbangan. Setelah perceraian dalam perkawinan nyeburin, laki-laki yang kembali ke keluarga asal (berstatus mulih truna) berhak atas sebagian warisan orang tuanya. Namun dengan diaturnya hak mewaris dalam Keputusan MDA 04/2023, ketentuan ini memunculkan potensi konflik dan ketidakpastian hukum, terutama jika ada ahli waris lain yang tetap menjalankan kewajiban adat secara penuh. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hal tersebut kemudian asas kepastian hukum dan keseimbangan harus menjadi landasan utama dalam penyusunan dan pelaksanaan aturan pewarisan adat agar adil dan menghindari konflik, kemudian konsep pemisahan pemaknaan antara hak yang bersifat kolektif sebagai hak moral dengan hak individual atas harta yang bersifat kebendaan sehingga dapat dirumuskan terhadapnya tidak berhak atas hak waris atas harta warisan, namun tetap terbuka perolehan hak dengan memperhatikan asas parimirma yaitu asas welas asih proses peralihan warisan dapat dilakukan secara konsensus berdasarkan musyawarah dengan keluarga asal.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Komang Arya Mukti Maruti (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Harmonisasi Pengaturan Syarat Pengenaan Restorative Justice dalam Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas yang Menyebabkan Kematian
This reiseiarch eixamineis thei Harmonization of Reiguilations Goveirning thei Application of Reistorativei Juisticei in Caseis of Traffic Accideints Reisuilting in Deiath. This stuidy eimploys a normativei leigal reiseiarch meithod. Thei cuirreint reiguilations conceirning thei application of reistorativei juisticei in caseis of fatal traffic accideints lack a cleiar and speicific leigal fouindation. Althouigh threiei reiguilations goveirn Reistorativei Juisticei—nameily National Policei Chieif Reiguilation No. 8/2021, Attorneiy Geineiral's Reiguilation No. 15/2020, and Suipreimei Couirt Reiguilation No. 1/2024—nonei of theim eixplicitly accommodatei seiriouis caseis suich as accideints reisuilting in deiath. Normativeily, Reistorativei Juisticei is inteindeid morei for minor offeinseis, whilei accideint caseis involving fatalitieis arei cateigorizeid as seiriouis crimeis uindeir Articlei 310 of Law No. 22/2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation. Conseiquieintly, its application reimains discreitionary, deipeindeint on thei inteirpreitation of law einforceimeint officials and thei agreieimeint of thei partieis involveid, withouit adeiquiatei guiaranteieis of leigal ceirtainty. Harmonizing thei reiguilations goveirning thei reiquiireimeints for applying reistorativei juisticei in caseis of fatal traffic accideints muist bei promptly uindeirtakein throuigh leigislativei channeils. This uirgeincy ariseis beicauisei thei disparitieis among thei threiei main reiguilations—thei National Policei Chieif Reiguilation, thei Attorneiy Geineiral's Reiguilation, and thei Suipreimei Couirt Reiguilation—creiatei leigal uinceirtainty that can uindeirminei thei noblei objeictiveis of reistorativei juisticei itseilf. Theireiforei, to achieivei truily reistorativei juisticei in traffic accideint caseis, compreiheinsivei and inteigrateid policy harmonization is eisseintial. This is neiceissary to eistablish ceirtainty, consisteincy, and eiffeictivei coordination at all leiveils of thei leigal proceiss by uindeirtaking a leigislativei proceiss to ameind thei conflicting reiguilations. Peineilitian ini meingkaji Harmonisasi Peingatuiran Syarat Peingeinaan Reistorativei Juisticei Dalam Kasuis Keiceilakaan Lalui Lintas Yang Meinyeibabkan Keimatian. Peineilitian ini meingguinakan meitodei peineilitian huikuim normatif. Peingatuiran meingeinai peingeinaan reistorativei juisticei dalam kasuis keiceilakaan lalui lintas yang meinyeibabkan keimatian peingeinaan saat ini tidak meimiliki payuing huikuim yang jeilas dan speisifik. Meiskipuin teirdapat tiga peiratuiran yang meingatuir Reistorativei Juisticei yaitui Peiratuiran Kapolri No. 8/2021, Peiratuiran Keijaksaan No. 15/2020, dan Peiratuiran MA No. 1/2024, keitiganya tidak seicara teigas meingakomodasi kasuis beirat seipeirti keiceilakaan beirakibat keimatian. Reistorativei Juisticei seicara normatif leibih dituijuikan uintuik tindak pidana ringan, seimeintara kasuis keiceilakaan deingan korban meininggal dikateigorikan seibagai tindak pidana beirat beirdasarkan Pasal 310 UiUi No. 22/2009 teintang Lalui Lintas dan Angkuitan Jalan. Akibatnya, peineirapannya masih beirsifat diskreisioneir, beirgantuing pada inteirpreitasi aparat peineigak huikuim dan keiseipakatan para pihak, tanpa jaminan keipastian huikuim yang meimadai. Harmonisasi peingatuiran syarat peingeinaan reistorativei juisticei dalam kasuis keiceilakaan lalui lintas yang meinyeibabkan keimatian dimasa meindatang haruis seigeira dilakuikan meilaluii jaluir leigislasi, meingingat disparitas dalam tiga reiguilasi uitama Peiratuiran Kapolri, Peiratuiran Keijaksaan, dan Peiratuiran Mahkamah Aguing juistrui meinciptakan keitidakpastian huikuim yang dapat meingeirdilkan tuijuian muilia reistorativei juisticei teirseibuit. Oleih kareina itui, uintuik meiwuijuidkan keiadilan yang beinar-beinar reistoratif dalam kasuis keiceilakaan lalui lintas, harmonisasi keibijakan yang meinyeiluiruih dan teirpadui muitlak dipeirluikan guina meinciptakan keipastian, konsisteinsi, dan koordinasi yang eifeiktif di seimuia tingkat proseis huikuim, deingan cara meilakuikan proseis leigislasi deingan meinguibah atuiran-atuiran yang saling beirteintangan.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ni Made Dyah Sukasmini Merthada, I Made Wirya Darma (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Implikasi Hukum Asas Pacta Sunt Servanda terhadap Perjanjian Paket Wisata dalam Kondisi Force Majeure di Indonesia
Agreements serve as one of legal instruments in the tourism sector, ensuring legal certainty and protection for the contracting parties. In the context of tour package agreements, the principle of Pacta Sunt Servanda affirms that every contract must be performed properly as agreed. However, in reality, the implementation of such agreements may not always proceed smoothly, particularly when confronted with force majeure events such as natural disasters, pandemics, or government regulations restricting travel activities. This study aims to analyze the regulation of Pacta Sunt Servanda and force majeure under the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), as well as to examine the legal implications of force majeure on the enforcement of tour package agreements. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that although Pacta Sunt Servanda grants binding force to the contents of a contract, this principle may be subject to exceptions when a valid force majeure event occurs, as stipulated in Articles 1244 and 1245 of the Civil Code. Under such conditions, the debtor may be released from liability or granted a postponement in fulfilling contractual obligations. These implications highlight the necessity of balancing legal certainty with contractual fairness. Therefore, the inclusion of a force majeure clause in tourism agreements is essential as a legal foundation for dispute resolution in an industry highly vulnerable to external disruptions. Perjanjian merupakan salah satu instrumen dalam bertransaksi di bidang pariwisata yang berfungsi menjamin kepastian dan perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak. Dalam konteks perjanjian paket wisata, asas Pacta Sunt Servanda menegaskan bahwa setiap perjanjian yang dibuat secara sah wajib dilaksanakan. Namun, dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan perjanjian tidak selalu berjalan lancar, terutama ketika muncul keadaan memaksa (force majeure) seperti bencana alam, pandemi, atau kebijakan pemerintah yang membatasi aktivitas perjalanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan asas Pacta Sunt Servanda dan force majeure dalam KUHPerdata, serta menelaah implikasi hukum dari keberadaan force majeure terhadap perjanjian paket wisata. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun asas Pacta Sunt Servanda memberikan kekuatan mengikat terhadap isi perjanjian, namun prinsip ini dapat mengalami pengecualian apabila terbukti terjadi force majeure sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1244 dan 1245 KUHPerdata. Dalam kondisi demikian, debitur dapat dibebaskan dari kewajiban atau diberikan penundaan pelaksanaan prestasi. Implikasi ini menegaskan pentingnya keseimbangan antara kepastian hukum dan keadilan kontraktual. Oleh karena itu, keberadaan klausul force majeure dalam perjanjian sangat penting sebagai dasar hukum penyelesaian sengketa dalam industri pariwisata yang rawan terhadap gangguan eksternal.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ni Luh Putu Radha Gauri Satya Narayana, I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence Berdasarkan Hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual: Pengaturan di Indonesia dan Tantangannya Secara Global
Technology continues to develop in all forms and derivatives, including the birth of Artificial Intelligence (AI). In addition to having positive implications, the development of AI technology also brings a number of problems in its use. The use of AI is not one of them leaving legal problems, especially when associated with the construction of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) law, although in general the government has regulated it in several regulations. This study aims to determine and analyze the use of AI based on the philosophical concept of IPR, the impact and accountability of the use of AI based on the IPR regime, and global challenges for the responsible use of AI. This study is a normative legal study with a state approach and a case approach. The data sources used consist of secondary data sources, consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection is carried out through literature, for further data processing qualitatively. The results of the study conclude that philosophically AI is the result of human intellectual work, so that it can be given IPR protection, but cannot be a subject of IPR law. Several challenges are also faced by countries globally to regulate AI, including Indonesia. knologi terus berkembang dengan segala bentuk dan derivasi, di antaranya adalah lahirnya Artificial Intelligence (AI) Selain berimplikasi positif, perkembangan teknologi AI juga mendatangkan sejumlah permasalahan dalam penggunannya. Penggunaan AI bukan salah satunya menyisakan problematika secara hukum, terutama jika dikaitkan dengan kontruksi hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI), meskipun secara umum pemerintah sudah mengaturnya pada beberapa regulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penggunaan AI berdasarkan konsep HKI secara filosofis, dampak dan pertanggungjawaban penggunaan AI berdasarkan rezim HKI, serta tantangan global untuk penggunaan AI yang bertanggungajawab. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (state approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Sumber data yang digunakan terdiri dari sumber data sekunder, terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan juga tersier. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara kepustakaan, untuk selanjutnya data diolah secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulan secara filosofis AI merupakan hasil karya intelektualias manusia, sehingga dapat diberikan perlindungan HKI, tetapi tidak dapat menjadi subjek hukum HKI. Beberapa tantangan juga dihadapi oleh negara-negara secara global untuk mengatur AI, termasuk Indonesia.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Darwance Darwance, Marsudi Triatmodjo (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pengaturan Hukum dalam Penanggulangan Deepfake Artificial Intelligence (AI) terhadap Anak sebagai Korban Kejahatan Siber di Indonesia
This research analyzes the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, particularly through Deepfake, which has given rise to a new form of cyber sexual violence against children in the form of AI-generated child sexual abuse material (AI-CSAM). Although such content does not involve children physically, it still constitutes sexual exploitation in substance. This issue has not yet been specifically regulated under Indonesian law, resulting in a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuum). This study seeks to examine how Indonesian law regulates Deepfake AI-related crimes involving children, and the urgency of legal reform in addressing the legal vacuum concerning perpetrators of AI-CSAM-related offenses. This research employs normative legal methods using a statue approach and comparative approach. The results show that the current legal framework in Indonesia is insufficient to effectively address AI-CSAM content. Legal frameworks from other jurisdictions, such as the European Union and the United Kingdom, may serve as valuable references for national legal reform. Therefore, it is recommended that a specific regulation be formulated to govern AI-based Deepfake content as a form of sexual violence against children. nelitian ini menganalisis Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI), khususnya melalui Deepfake, telah menimbulkan bentuk baru kekerasan seksual siber terhadap anak dalam bentuk AI-generated child sexual abuse material (AI-CSAM). Meskipun konten tersebut tidak melibatkan anak secara fisik, substansinya tetap mengandung eksploitasi seksual. Hal tersebut belum diatur belum secara khusus di Indonesia, sehingga menimbulkan kekosongan hukum (rechtsvacuum). Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai Bagaimana pengaturan hukum di Indonesia terhadap kejahatan Deepfake AI terhadap anak dan Bagaimana urgensi pembaruan hukum dalam mengatasi kekosongan hukum terkait pelaku kejahatan dengan AI-CASM. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan perbandingan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan hukum di Indonesia belum memadai dalam menjangkau konten AI-CSAM. Pengaturan dari negara lain, seperti Uni Eropa dan Inggris, dapat menjadi referensi dalam pembaruan hukum nasional. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar segera dirumuskan regulasi khusus yang mengatur konten Deepfake berbasis AI sebagai bagian dari kekerasan seksual terhadap anak.
Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Tini Rusmini Gorda
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Putu Nadya Tasya Putri, Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Tini Rusmini Gorda (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Legal and Cultural Study Development of The Village: Integration of Nature Conservation and Strengthening Local Culture
This study provides a juridical and cultural analysis of the construction of the Genah Pemelisan of Sidakarya Village within the Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park (Tahura Ngurah Rai), Bali, as an effort to integrate environmental conservation with the strengthening of local culture. The research addresses two main issues: (1) the conformity of the genah pemelisan construction with positive legal provisions on environmental protection and forest conservation, and (2) the integrative model that can be applied to ensure the preservation of local cultural practices while safeguarding the mangrove ecosystem under the framework of sustainable development. This study applies an empirical legal research method, combining statutory, conceptual, and socio-cultural approaches, supported by literature review and interviews with customary leaders, Tahura management, and government representatives. The findings indicate that, from a legal perspective, the construction of the genah pemelisan is permissible under Law No. 5/1990, Law No. 32/2009, and Government Regulation No. 28/2011, provided that it does not alter the primary conservation function and is carried out with formal authorization. Culturally, the existence of the genah pemelisan is an integral part of the Melasti and Mejukungan rituals, representing a strategic value for Balinese identity. The study recommends a participatory co-management model involving customary villages, government, and Tahura authorities, based on sustainable development principles. This research highlights that cultural preservation and environmental protection are not contradictory, but can be mutually reinforcing through proper governance rooted in law and local wisdom.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 I Made Adi Widnyana, I Nyoman Alit Putrawan, Ni Ketut Kantriani, Ida Bagus Sudarma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Blockchain as a Tool for Land Access Redistribution in Indonesia
This study investigates the potential of blockchain technology in addressing Indonesia’s persistent land inequality and agrarian exclusion. Using a socio-legal and comparative approach, the research first examines the historical roots of unequal land access, from colonial legacies to the limitations of the 1960 Agrarian Law and subsequent redistribution programs that failed to deliver substantive change for farmers, Indigenous peoples, and rural communities. It then critiques Indonesia’s ongoing digital transformation through electronic land certificates, highlighting how technical reforms—such as the planned expiration of older forms of proof by 2026—risk reinforcing exclusion when not accompanied by inclusive policies and equitable access. Against this backdrop, blockchain is analyzed not merely as a technical innovation but as a potential framework for rebuilding trust and justice in land governance. Its features—immutability, decentralization, and transparency—offer safeguards against manipulation while enabling the recognition of previously excluded land claims. Lessons from Georgia, Sweden, and India demonstrate that blockchain can strengthen agrarian justice and institutional accountability, yet only when embedded within broader legal reform, institutional capacity, and participatory governance. Ultimately, the findings underscore that blockchain alone will not resolve Indonesia’s deep-rooted land challenges. However, if aligned with inclusive land governance, digital literacy efforts, and sustainable development goals, blockchain can serve as a powerful enabler of constitutional aspirations: ensuring land serves the people, protects the vulnerable, and advances justice for all.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Prita Miranti Suyudi (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Problems of Criminal Law Enforcement Against Social Media-Based Prostitution
Prostitution remains a complex issue influenced by social, cultural, and legal values, with roots extending back through history. In Indonesia, the rise of online prostitution has introduced new challenges in law enforcement due to rapid technological advancements. This study examines the Yogyakarta Police's efforts to combat online prostitution on social media platforms, focusing on their strategies and the obstacles they encounter. Employing a normative-juridical research method, this study analyzes the enforcement of positive legal provisions and the practical application of electronic transaction laws in addressing online prostitution in Yogyakarta. Findings reveal that the Yogyakarta Police employ comprehensive tactics, including Cyberpatrol operations and undercover investigations, to identify, infiltrate, and apprehend perpetrators. They further engage in community outreach and legal education initiatives aimed at preventing the social normalization of online prostitution. However, the study highlights significant obstacles, including challenges with digital evidence, the adaptability of offenders, and reporting barriers for victims. These insights underscore the importance of advanced technical skills and a deep understanding of digital crime dynamics for effective enforcement.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Fuadi Isnawan (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analisis Siklus Regulasi dalam Meningkatkan Kapasitas Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia
The purpose of this study is to examine Indonesia’s regulatory formation cycle at this time, which raises problems around the process in its implementation. This results in legal products not being in line with society’s needs, giving rise to inequality and abuse. This research uses a normative type of research. The study’s findings indicate that a gap in norms in Indonesia that regulate special institutions in monitoring and supervising the process of forming laws and regulations. This causes inconsistencies, conflicts and ambiguities in the preparation of regulations. The regulatory cycle becomes hampered and ends up producing legal products that fail and end up in the judicial review process. To overcome this, it’s necessary to establish a National Regulatory Agency that emphasizes it’s role in monitoring and supervising the regulatory cycle because the legal products issued only benefit certain individuals, without considering the welfare of society. Responsibility for monitoring the substance of laws and regulations to ensure alignment with policy direction should be assigned to this institution. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis siklus pembentukan regulasi Indonesia pada saat ini, yang menimbulkan permasalahan seputar proses dalam pengimplementasiannya. Hal ini berdampak terhadap produk hukum yang kurang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dan justru menyebabkan terjadinya disparitas dan penyelewengan kekuasaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian normatif. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kekosongan norma di Indonesia yang mengatur mengenai lembaga khusus dalam melakukan pemantauan serta pengawasan siklus regulasi. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya inkonsistensi, konflik dan kekaburan dalam penyusunan regulasi. Siklus regulasi menjadi terhambat dan berujung menghasilkan produk hukum yang gagal dan berakhir pada proses judicial review. Produk hukum yang dikeluarkan menjadi hanya menguntungkan oknum tertentu, tanpa memikirkan kesejahteraan rakyat, sehingga dalam mengatasi hal ini, perlu dibentuk suatu Badan Regulasi Nasional yang berfokus terhadap perannya untuk monitoring dan melakukan pengawasan terhadap siklus regulasi. Tanggung jawab mengawasi isi peraturan perundang-undangan untuk memastikan bahwa peraturan tersebut selaras dengan arah kebijakan harus diberikan kepada Lembaga ini.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ni Putu Sri Virdayanti, I Ketut Sudiarta, I Gusti Ayu Putri Kartika (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Combating Child Marriage: A Comparative Analysis of Regulations in Indonesia and The Philippines
Legal discrepancies regarding child marriage are apparent in the divergence between the legislation forbidding underage unions and the actual practices observed. Despite the elevation of the age restriction, the leniency with which courts issue marital dispensations, particularly in instances of out-of-wedlock pregnancies, engenders inconsistency in legal enforcement, hence perpetuating injustices against children's rights. The study topic aims to analyze the comparative distinctions in the legal frameworks of Indonesia and the Philippines concerning child marriage. This study aims to investigate and compare the legislative frameworks regulating child marriage in Indonesia and the Philippines, highlighting their differences and similarities. The study concept and methodology employ a qualitative approach utilizing a comparative legal framework. The analytical method employed is normative legal analysis. The research findings suggest that granting marital dispensations that violate child protection principles may also breach the Child Protection Act, which seeks to provide the highest level of safeguarding for children against all types of abuse, exploitation, and discrimination. Indonesia and the Philippines are encountering distinct hurdles in tackling this problem. Indonesia has established a dispensation system permitting child marriage under certain circumstances, but the Philippines has enacted a complete prohibition on child marriage. The legislation forbids child marriage and enforces more severe penalties for anybody who participates in or enables it. The Philippines' prohibition of child marriage signifies a substantial step in the nation's struggle against this detrimental practice.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ika Dewi Sartika Saimima, Johndex Emanuel S. Villarico, Widya Romasindah Aidy, Mochammad Syafruddin Rezky Sanaky (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Dispute Over Non-Compliance of Online Lending Companies Based on Financial Services Authority Regulations
The purpose of this study is to determine how to resolve disputes regarding PT Investree Radhika Jaya's non-compliance in violation of Financial Services Authority Regulation Number: 77 / POJK.01 / 2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Money Lending Services and Number 10 / POJK.05 / 2022 concerning Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services and Legal Protection for Lenders (lenders) against PT Investree Radhika Jaya's Non-Compliance. The presence of Peer to Peer Lending / online loans as the latest innovation in making loans, the process is very easy and does not require collateral. But only based on the principle of good faith. Management of loan money provided by Lenders to Borrowers is carried out through an online system by the Organizer, so that Lenders do not know which customers the funds are given to. The increasingly sophisticated online loan procedures cause problems, due to the lack of transparency of the information system for funds that have been distributed from the organizer to the Borrower, because everything is controlled by the organizer. So that the benefits that should be given by the Organizer to the Lender are not given. This study uses a normative method by reviewing the regulations of the Financial Services Authority Number: 77 / POJK.01 / 2016 and Number 10 / POJK.05 / 2022. The results of this study. First, the settlement of disputes in dealing with non-compliance of the organizer (PT Investree Radhika Jaya) is that the OJK issues administrative sanctions in the form of revocation of business licenses. Second, legal protection for Lenders can be applied in two ways, namely the Implementation of preventive legal protection by issuing laws and regulations that limit an obligation and prevent a violation. The provisions issued by the OJK as preventive legal protection are POJK No. 77 / POJK.01 / 2016. While Repressive Protection is given when a violation has occurred, namely the OJK revokes the business license of PT Investree Radhika Jaya dissertation with the liquidation
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Yuliana Indah Sari, Neni Ruhaeni, Neni Sri Imaniyati, Ratna Januarita (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pengaturan Hukum Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Ditinjau dari Segi Tata Ruang dan Kemasyarakatan di Kabupaten Rembang
Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic state, possesses a coastal zone that is strategically significant in terms of ecology, economy, and socio-cultural aspects. Nevertheless, coastal management in Indonesia—particularly in Rembang Regency—still faces serious challenges, especially concerning spatial planning and community participation. Although Rembang Regency holds great economic potential in the fisheries sector, it has yet to achieve sustainable coastal resource management. This study aims to examine the legal effectiveness of coastal management in Rembang Regency based on Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2007, while also identifying the correlation between spatial planning arrangements and public participation in decision-making processes. Utilizing a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes the applicable legal framework, including Law No. 27 of 2007 as amended by Law No. 1 of 2014 and Government Regulation No. 32 of 2019 on the National Marine Spatial Plan. The findings reveal that despite the availability of legal instruments, the implementation of the regulation is hindered by weak cross-sectoral coordination, lack of synchronization between spatial plans and field conditions, and limited involvement of local communities. This research provides a significant contribution to the development of more integrated, participatory, and sustainable coastal governance policies. Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia memiliki kawasan pesisir yang strategis dari segi ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial. Namun demikian, pengelolaan wilayah pesisir di Indonesia, termasuk di Kabupaten Rembang, masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan serius, terutama dalam hal penataan ruang dan partisipasi masyarakat. Kabupaten Rembang, meskipun memiliki potensi besar di sektor perikanan, belum mampu mengoptimalkan pengelolaan wilayah pesisir secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas hukum pengelolaan wilayah pesisir di Kabupaten Rembang berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 8 Tahun 2007, serta mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pengaturan tata ruang dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses pengambilan kebijakan. Menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, penelitian ini menganalisis aturan hukum yang berlaku, termasuk Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 dan PP Nomor 32 Tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kerangka hukum telah tersedia, implementasi Perda masih terkendala oleh lemahnya koordinasi lintas sektoral, belum sinkronnya RTRW dengan realitas lapangan, serta rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi upaya reformulasi kebijakan pengelolaan wilayah pesisir yang lebih integratif, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Asri Suryaningtyas, Asmarani Ramli (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Kedudukan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama dalam Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial
he Collective Labour Agreement (CLA) is a crucial legal instrument within the framework of industrial relations in Indonesia. As the outcome of negotiations between labor unions and employers, the CLA serves not only as a civil law source governing the rights and obligations of both parties in the employment relationship but also as a guideline for resolving industrial relations disputes. In the context of national labor dynamics, the validity of CLAs is often challenged by legislative changes, such as those introduced under Law Number 6 of 2023 on Job Creation. This study aims to analyze the legal standing of CLAs in resolving industrial relations disputes, particularly when substantive changes occur in the regulatory framework that underpins them. This research employs normative legal methods using statutory, analytical, and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that, from a juridical perspective, the CLA retains its binding force as long as it does not contradict mandatory legal provisions and provided that its content is more favorable to workers, as protected under the principle of labor protection in Indonesian labor law. In practice, the Industrial Relations Court applies the principle of lex superior derogat legi inferiori to resolve conflicts between CLA provisions and newer legal norms. Therefore, periodic revisions and updates to the CLA, in response to regulatory developments, are essential to uphold legal certainty and fairness in industrial relations. Di Indonesia, Perjanjian Kerja Bersama (PKB) memegang peranan penting dalam kerangka hukum yang mengatur hubungan industrial. PKB berfungsi sebagai kerangka penyelesaian masalah hubungan industrial dan sebagai sumber hukum perdata yang mengatur hak dan kewajiban para pihak yang terlibat dalam hubungan kerja. PKB dinegosiasikan oleh serikat pekerja dan pengusaha. Setiap kali terjadi perubahan peraturan perundang-undangan, seperti yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 tentang Cipta Kerja, keabsahan PKB sering dipertanyakan dalam konteks ketenagakerjaan nasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji peran PKB dalam penyelesaian perselisihan ketenagakerjaan, dengan memberikan perhatian khusus pada bagaimana perannya ketika isi hukum yang mendasarinya mengalami perubahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum analitis, konseptual, dan normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PKB memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap sepanjang tidak bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang bersifat mengikat dan ketentuan-ketentuannya lebih menguntungkan pekerja, sesuai dengan asas perlindungan dalam hukum ketenagakerjaan. Dalam praktik di Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial, prinsip lex superior derogat legi inferiori menjadi acuan dalam menilai keberlakuan ketentuan dalam PKB yang bertentangan dengan regulasi baru. Oleh karena itu, pembaruan PKB secara berkala dengan memperhatikan dinamika peraturan perundang-undangan menjadi langkah penting untuk menjaga kepastian hukum dan keadilan dalam hubungan industrial.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Indah Pradnyani, Kadek Agus Sudiarawan (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pengaturan Kebaruan Praktik Kedokteran dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan
Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health introduces substantial changes in the regulatory framework governing medical practice in Indonesia. This research seeks to explore the legal innovations contained within the statute and evaluate their impact on healthcare professionals, patient entitlements, and the broader health service infrastructure. Utilizing a normative juridical methodology, the study contrasts the new legal provisions with those outlined in the earlier Medical Practice Law Number 29 of 2004. The results highlight key advancements, such as streamlined physician licensing processes, enhanced legal safeguards for medical personnel, and the incorporation of digital systems into healthcare delivery. In light of these findings, the study advocates for regulatory alignment between the Health Law and technical guidelines issued by professional bodies to support effective policy execution. Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan memperkenalkan berbagai pembaruan dalam tata kelola praktik kedokteran di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji aspek-aspek hukum baru yang diatur dalam undang-undang tersebut, serta menilai dampaknya terhadap profesi medis, hak-hak pasien, dan sistem pelayanan kesehatan secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan membandingkan ketentuan dalam regulasi terbaru dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran sebagai acuan sebelumnya. Temuan studi menunjukkan adanya inovasi penting, seperti penyederhanaan mekanisme perizinan bagi dokter, peningkatan jaminan hukum bagi tenaga kesehatan, dan penerapan teknologi digital dalam pelayanan medis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya sinkronisasi antara Undang-Undang Kesehatan dan regulasi teknis yang dikeluarkan oleh organisasi profesi agar pelaksanaan kebijakan dapat berjalan optimal.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ida Ayu Ista Nariswari, Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, Ida Bagus Surya Dharma Jaya (Penulis) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Fiscal Justice and Regional Tax Decentralization: A Critical Study Collection of Motor Vehicle Tax for Vehicles Not in Accordance with Domicile
The purpose of this writing is to analyze the problem of fiscal injustice arising from the current Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) mechanism, particularly in cases where vehicles are permanently used in one region but the tax revenue is directed to the administrative domicile of the owner. By focusing on Malang City as a case study, this research aims to examine how such conditions create fiscal imbalance and to propose legal reforms that ensure a fairer distribution of tax burdens and benefits between regions. This normative juridical research uses legislative, conceptual, and case approaches. The results of the study show that there is a disharmony in the implementation of fiscal decentralization as well as injustice in distribution, allocation, and fiscal compliance. To ensure fiscal justice, legal reform is needed through a usage-based PKB revenue redistribution mechanism, revenue sharing between regions, and vehicle re-registration obligations for temporary residents. With these steps, it is hoped that a balance will be achieved between the public burden borne by the regions and the fiscal benefits received, so that the principles of justice, legal certainty, and benefits can be realized.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Ali Muthohirin, Tunggul A.S.N, Indah Dwi Qurbani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0