FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN SOLID CANCER PATIENTS POST-CHEMOTHERAPY AT PROF. DR. I.G.N.G. NGOERAH GENERAL HOSPITAL DENPASAR

Abstract

Cancer therapy using chemotherapeutic agents is associated with various hematologic and non-hematologic side effects. One of the most common hematologic side effects in post-chemotherapy solid malignancy patients is thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia can increase the risk of complications or necessitate changes in chemotherapy regimens, thereby worsening patient prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate patient characteristics and identify factors associated with thrombocytopenia in post-chemotherapy solid malignancy patients. This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional approach, analyzing 514 medical records registered at Prof. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, obtained through total sampling. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 26.8% (138 patients), with a median age of 52 years, and the majority were female (77.1%). Multivariate analysis indicated a significant association between taxane-based chemotherapy regimens and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.003). Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between thrombocytopenia and specific cancer types, including breast cancer (p < 0.001), lung cancer (p = 0.01), and cervical cancer (p = 0.029). Chemotherapy involving two or more agents was also significantly associated with thrombocytopenia (p = 0.025). The findings concluded that chemotherapy regimens based on platinum (p < 0.001), taxane (p = 0.003), and anthracycline (p < 0.001) are strongly associated with a decrease in thrombocytopenia incidence. Other factors, such as breast, lung, and cervical cancers, as well as regimens with two or more agents, were associated with the incidence and severity of post-chemotherapy thrombocytopenia.