Correlation Between Urine Protein Creatinine Ratio and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients at Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar

Krisnaditya Dwi Raharja; Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini; Ni Wayan Tianing; I Wayan Gede Sutadarma

Authors

Krisnaditya Dwi Raharja Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana Author
Dr. dr. Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini, S.Ked, M. Biomed Author
Dr. Ni Wayan Tianing, S.Si., M.Kes Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Author
dr. I Wayan Gede Sutadarma, S.Ked., M.Gizi, Sp.GK Author

Keywords:

Chronic Kidney Disease, Urine Protein Creatinine Ratio, Glomerular Filtration Rate

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem with increasing prevalence and high mortality. By definition, CKD is characterized by abnormalities in kidney structure or function lasting for more than three months. Presence of protein in the urine (proteinuria) is one of the key indicators for assessing intrinsic structural damage in CKD. On the other hand, index for evaluating kidney function is Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). The degree of proteinuria influences renal function, with higher levels leading to faster deterioration of renal function.

Objective: To investigate correlation between UPCR and GFR in pre-dialysis CKD patients at Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar

Methods: Analytical observation study with a cross-sectional design involving 40 pre-dialysis CKD patients at Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar during the period 2023–2024 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The correlation between UPCR and GFR was assessed using Spearman’s correlation test.

Results: The study population consisted predominantly of females (57.5%), with a mean age of 46.28 ± 14.49 years, most of whom were in stage 5 (32,5%). The median UPCR was 1.45 (0.05–13.15) mg/mg, while the median GFR was 30.00 (2.74–114.90) mL/min/1.73 m². Spearman’s correlation analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between UPCR and GFR (r = -0.615; p < 0.001).

Conclusion: A strong and significant negative correlation was found between UPCR and GFR in pre-dialysis CKD patients. These findings suggest that higher levels of proteinuria are associated with lower renal function in pre-dialysis CKD patients.