FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY AMONG STUDENTS AT SMA NEGERI 1 PENEBEL, TABANAN

Abstract

Background: Adolescent obesity has become an increasing public health challenge, with long-term impacts on quality of life and an elevated risk of degenerative diseases. The urgency to address this condition continues to grow due to its rising prevalence and the potential for adverse health outcomes in adulthood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and analyze factors associated with obesity among students at SMA Negeri 1 Penebel, Tabanan. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 140 respondents. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements and self-administered questionnaires assessing genetic factors, sex, physical activity level, and sleep duration. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact Test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of obesity among students at SMA Negeri 1 Penebel, Tabanan was 37.1%. Bivariate analysis demonstrated significant associations between genetic factors (p = 0.006) and sleep duration (p = 0.013) with obesity. In contrast, sex (p = 0.073) and physical activity level (p = 0.824) were not significantly associated with obesity status. Multivariate analysis indicated that genetic factors were the strongest independent predictor of obesity among students (p = 0.031). Conclusion: Genetic factors and sleep duration were significantly associated with obesity, with genetic factors identified as the most dominant predictor. The high prevalence of obesity underscores the importance of preventive health interventions focusing on modifiable risk factors, particularly among students with a genetic predisposition.