ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PROGRAMMED DEATH-LIGANT 1 (PD-L1) EXPRESSION WITH MENINGIOMA GRADE AT PROF. DR. I.G.N.G. NGOERAH DENPASAR HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor, mostly benign, yet higher-grade tumors tend to recur and behave more aggressively. The expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to tumor immune evasion and may serve as a prognostic biomarker as well as a potential target for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Objective: To analyze the association between PD-L1 expression and meningioma grade at Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital.

Methods: This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling method from paraffin-embedded meningioma tissues diagnosed at the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a polyclonal anti–PD-L1 antibody (Genetex, GTX104763). PD-L1 expression was evaluated using the Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) and Combined Positive Score (CPS). Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05.

Results: A total of 41 meningioma cases were included, consisting of 20 (48.8%) grade 1, 15 (36.6%) grade 2, and 6 (14.6%) grade 3. PD-L1 expression showed an increasing trend with higher meningioma grades in both TPS and CPS evaluations. A significant correlation was observed between PD-L1 expression and tumor grade (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Higher PD-L1 expression was associated with higher meningioma grades, suggesting its potential role as a prognostic biomarker and as a rationale for considering immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in high-grade or recurrent meningiomas.