RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EEG PATTERN AND LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS WITH CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN HEMORRHAGIC STROKE PATIENTS

Abstrak

Hemorrhagic stroke, characterized by cerebral blood vessel rupture and bleeding within the brain tissue or surrounding areas, remains a critical global health issue that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality rates. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the relationship between electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns and the level of consciousness and clinical outcomes in stroke patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study included 43 patients with hemorrhagic stroke diagnosed with ICH at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Demographic data were obtained from medical records, clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and level of consciousness was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Most patients (62.8%) had good clinical outcomes, whereas 37.2% had poor outcomes. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (48.8%) and non-lobar hemorrhage was the most frequent (72.1%). A significant relationship was found between EEG patterns and clinical outcomes (p=0.012) as well as between the level of consciousness and clinical outcomes (p=0.000). The mean GCS score for patients with favorable outcomes was 13.93, while for patients with unfavorable outcomes was 10.25. Abnormal EEG patterns may potentially lead to post-stroke seizures, and alterations in EEG characteristics significantly increase risk factors for future post-stroke epilepsy. The integration of EEG data with clinical evaluations of the level of consciousness can improve prognosis, tailor rehabilitation efforts, and enhance overall clinical outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.