Association Between Hemoglobin Levels and Severity of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar

Abstrak

Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is a condition characterized by loss of skin integrity in the distal foot, involving at least the epidermis and part of the dermis in individuals with a history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Anemia which is defined by low hemoglobin levels, may exacerbate DM-related complications. However, the connection between hemoglobin levels and the severity of DFU remains poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of anemia and investigate the association between hemoglobin levels and DFU severity among type 2 DM patients at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on type 2 DM patients presenting with DFU, who were registered at the hospital from 2022-2023. Consecutive sampling was used to select subjects and secondary data were sourced from medical records. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate Chi-Square tests. A total of 74 patients aged 38-77 years were included in the study. Anemia was identified in 64 patients (86.5%) with 15 (20.3%) experiencing mild anemia, 37 (50%) moderate anemia, and 12 (16.2%) severe anemia, while 10 patients had normal hemoglobin levels. A total of 41 patients (55.4%) had severe DFU and 33 patients (44.6%) had mild to moderate DFU. Bivariate Chi-Square analysis revealed no significant association between hemoglobin levels and DFU severity (p = 0.635).