Pemakzulan Dalam Demokrasi Presidensial Indonesia: Antara Legalitas Konstitusional dan Legitimasi Politik

Desi Natalia Sihombing

doi:10.24843/jnp.v3i1.158

Authors

Desi Natalia Sihombing Universitas Pertahanan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/jnp.v3i1.158

Keywords:

Impeachment, Presidential Democracy, 1945 Constitution, Checks and Balances, Supermajority Coalition, Political Legitimacy, Pseudo-Stability

Abstract

Impeachment in Indonesia’s presidential system, as regulated in the post-amendment 1945 Constitution, operates at the intersection of formal legal instruments and political practice. Using a qualitative method with juridical-normative and political-analytical approaches, this study examines the constitutional provisions alongside the political configuration of the DPR after the 2024 election. Findings show that while the legal framework prescribes a clear multistage process, its effectiveness is constrained by dominant ruling coalitions and elite interests, making impeachment politically improbable without a legitimacy crisis. Applying Weber’s theory of legitimacy, Thompson’s moral politics, Ackerman’s separation of powers in legitimacy crises, and Linz’s perils of presidentialism, this research argues that impeachment is both a legal and political arena. The study recommends procedural reforms to bridge formal legality and substantive legitimacy, emphasizing public accountability mechanisms to strengthen executive oversight and democratic resilience.

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