PENGARUH EKSTRAK AIR CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) MELALUI AIR MINUM TERHADAP KOMPOSISI FISIK KARKAS BROILER

Abstract

Broilers have rapid growth that leads to health issues, which results in the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP) that can cause resistance and residues in the meat. The negative effects of AGP use encourage the search for safer natural alternatives. This research aims to determine the effect of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) water extract through drinking water on the physical composition of broiler carcasses. The research employs a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and six replications, which were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The three treatments are: P0 (drinking water without additional ciplukan extract as control), P1 (2% ciplukan extract in drinking water), and P2 (4% ciplukan extract in drinking water). The observed variables include cutting weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, meat percentage, bone percentage, subcutaneous fat percentage, and broiler skin percentage. The research results indicate that the 2% and 4% water extract of ciplukan administered through drinking water did not show a significant difference (P>0.05) in terms of carcass weight and physical composition (meat and bones) compared to treatment P0, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the physical composition of carcasses (subcutaneous fat and skin) compared to treatment P0. Based on these research findings, it can be concluded that the water extract of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) at levels of 0%, 2%, and 4% administered through drinking water does not affect dressing weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, meat percentage, and bone percentage. However, the 4% water extract of ciplukan administered through drinking water can reduce subcutaneous fat in broilers.

ABSTRAK

Broiler memiliki pertumbuhan cepat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan sehingga digunakannya AGP yang dapat menyebabkan resistensi dan residu pada daging. Efek negatif dari penggunaan AGP mendorong untuk mencari alternatif alami yang lebih aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak air ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) melalui air minum terhadap komposisi fisik karkas broiler. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan yang dianalisis statistik dengan analisis varian (one way ANOVA) dan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Ketiga perlakuan yakni: P0 (air minum tanpa tambahan ekstrak ciplukan sebagai kontrol). P1 (air minum ditambahkan ekstrak 2%. P2 (air minum ditambahkan ekstrak ciplukan 4%). Variabel yang diamati adalah berat potong, berat karkas, persentase karkas, persentase daging, persentase tulang, persentase lemak subkutan dan kulit broiler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak air ciplukan 2% dan 4% melalui air minum terhadap berat potong dan komposisi fisik karkas (daging dan tulang) tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan P0 dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) komposisi fisik karkas (lemak subkutan dan kulit) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan P0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan ekstrak air ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) pada level 0%, 2%, dan 4% melalui air minum tidak memberikan pengaruh pada bobot potong, berat karkas, persentase karkas, persentase daging dan persentase tulang. Namun ekstrak air ciplukan pada level 4% melalui air minum dapat menurunkan lemak subkutan broiler.