PERFORMA BROILER YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK AIR DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L.) MELALUI AIR MINUM

Abstrak

Betel leaf (Piper betle L.) is a herbal plant containing active phytochemical compounds
such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenols, which function as natural antibacterial agents.
Therefore, it has the potential to be used as a natural feed additive to replace Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP), whose use has been prohibited. This study aimed to determine the effect of
betel leaf water extract supplementation through drinking water on the performance of broilers.
The research was conducted at the Sesetan Farm, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana
University. A total of 80 unsexed one-day-old broiler chicks (DOC) were used in this study and
arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five
replications, with four chickens in each replication. The treatments were as follows: P0
(drinking water without betel leaf extract/control), P1 (betel leaf water extract 2%), P2 (betel
leaf water extract 4%), and P3 (betel leaf water extract 6%). The variables observed included
initial body weight, feed consumption, drinking water consumption, final body weight, weight
gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results showed that the supplementation of betel leaf
water extract at levels of 2%, 4%, and 6% had no significant effect (P>0.05) on water intake,
final body weight, and body weight gain. However, the betel leaf extract treatment had a
significant effect (P<0.05) on feed intake and FCR compared to P0 (without betel leaf extract).
It can be concluded that the addition of betel leaf water extract at levels of 2%, 4%, and 6% not
being able to increase drinking water consumption, final body weight, or body weight gain, but
was able to reduce feed intake and decrease the FCR value.

ABSTRAK 

Daun sirih merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung senyawa fitokimia aktif
seperti flavonoid, tanin, dan fenol yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri alami sehingga berpotensi
dijadikan feed additive sebagai pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) yang
penggunaannya telah dilarang. Peneliitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembertian
ekstrak air daun sirih melalui air minum terhadap performa broiler. Penelitian dilaksanakan di
Farm Sesetan, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Udayana. Sebanyak 80 ekor broiler unsex umur
satu hari (DOC) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang
terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, masing-masing perlakuan berisi 4 ekor. Perlakuan yang
diberikan adalah P0 (air minum tanpa ekstrak daun sirih/kontrol), P1 (ekstrak air daun sirih
2%), P2 (ekstrak air daun sirih 4%), dan P3 (ekstrak air daun sirih 6%). Variabel yang diamati
meliputi konsumsi ransum, konsumsi air minum, berat badan akhir, pertambahan berat badan,
dan feed conversion ratio (FCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak air
daun sirih pada level 2%, 4%, dan 6% tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi air
minum, berat badan akhir, serta pertambahan berat badan. Namun, perlakuan ekstrak daun sirih
berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum dan FCR dibandingkan dengan P0
(tanpa ektrak air daun sirih). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penambahan
ekstrak air daun sirih 2%, 4% dan 6% belum mampu meningkatkan konsumsi air minum, berat
badan akhir, pertambahan berat badan, namun mampu menurunkan konsumsi ransum serta
menurunkan nilai FCR.