PENGGANTIAN RANSUM KOMERSIAL DENGAN TEPUNG KULIT KERANG DAN MINYAK IKAN TERHADAP ORGAN PENCERNAAN BROILER

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of replacement clam shell meal and fish oil as a substitute for commercial rations on the weight of broiler digestive organs. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications, each replication consisting of four broilers. The treatments consisted of P0 (ration without being replaced with clam shell meal and fish oil), P1 (1.5% of the commercial ration was replaced with 1% clam shell meal and 0.5% fish oil), P2 (2% of the commercial ration was replaced with 1% clam shell meal and 1% fish oil), and P3 (2.5% of the commercial ration was replaced with 1% clam shell meal and 1.5% fish oil). The variables observed were the length of the small intestine, the percentage weight of the small intestine, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, and proventriculus. The results of this study showed that the length of the small intestine in P1, P2, and P3 was significantly different (P<0.05) higher than the P0 treatment, and the percentage of small intestine weight in P1, P2, and P3 was significantly different (P<0.05) higher than P0, while the percentage of bile, liver, pancreas, and proventriculus weight did not produce a significant difference (P>0.05) compared to the P0 treatment. The results of this study can be concluded that the replacement of 1% shellfish flour and 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% fish oil in commercial rations can increase the length of the small intestine and the percentage of small intestine weight, but gives the same results for the percentage of bile, liver, pancreas, and proventriculus weight.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggantian tepung kulit kerang dan minyak ikan sebagai pengganti ransum komersial terhadap bobot organ pencernaan broiler. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri dari empat ekor broiler. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0 (ransum tanpa diganti dengan tepung kulit kerang dan minyak ikan), P1 (1,5% ransum komersial diganti dengan 1% tepung kulit kerang dan 0,5% minyak ikan), P2 (2% ransum komersial diganti dengan 1% tepung kulit kerang dan 1% minyak ikan), dan P3 (2,5% ransum komersial diganti dengan 1% tepung kulit kerang dan 1,5% minyak ikan). Variabel yang diamati adalah panjang usus halus, persentase berat usus halus, empedu, hati, pankreas, dan proventrikulus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan Panjang usus halus pada P1, P2, dan P3 berbeda nyata (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan P0, dan persentase berat usus halus pada P1, P2, dan P3 berbeda nyata (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan P0, sedangkan untuk persentase berat empedu, hati, pankreas, dan proventrikulus menghasilkan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dibandingkan perlakuan P0. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggantian 1% tepung kulit kerang dan 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5% minyak ikan pada ransum komersial dapat meningkatkan panjang usus halus dan persentase berat usus halus, akan tetapi memberikan hasil yang sama terhadap persentase berat empedu, hati, pankreas, dan proventrikulus.